Construire une calculatrice
A partir des sources de K.Ramesh, voici un exemple de calculatrice similaire à celle de Windows avec un mode classique et un mode scientifique (cosinus, sinus, racine).Quelles sont les étapes pour construire une calculatrice ?
- IHM: ajouter les 30 boutons, la zone d'édition et le menu au JFrame,
- évènement: centraliser tous les évènements des composants vers la fonctions actionPerformed(),
- calcul: insérer dans la fonction actionPerformed() les calculs à effectuer en fonction du bouton sélectionné.
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* Calculatrice simple ou scientifique
* @author K.Ramesh ramesh_cdm [at] hotmail.com
*/
public class calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private JTextField consol;
private double temp, temp1, result, a;
private static double m1;
private int k = 1, x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;
private char operation;
private JButton one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, zero, clr, pow2, pow3, exp;
private JButton plus, min, div, lg, rec, mul, eq, plmi, poin, mr, mc, mp, mm, sqrt, sin, cos, tan;
private JMenuBar bar;
private JMenu view;
private JMenuItem exit;
private JRadioButtonMenuItem standard, scientific;
private JSeparator jp;
private ButtonGroup bg;
private Container container;
private JPanel syntpanel, buttonpanel;
/**
* Constructeur
* Initialisation des boutons sur le JFrame
*/
public calculator() {
container = getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel textpanel = new JPanel();
Font font = new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 18);
consol = new JTextField(25);
consol.setFont(font);
consol.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.RIGHT);
consol.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent keyevent) {
char c = keyevent.getKeyChar();
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
} else {
keyevent.consume();
}
}
});
textpanel.add(consol);
buttonpanel = new JPanel();
buttonpanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 4, 2, 2));
boolean t = true;
syntpanel = new JPanel();
syntpanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 1));
bar = new JMenuBar();
view = new JMenu("Mode");
standard = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("Simple", true);
standard.setMnemonic('S');
standard.addItemListener(new radiohandler());
scientific = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("Scientifique");
standard.setMnemonic('c');
scientific.addItemListener(new radiohandler());
jp = new JSeparator();
exit = new JMenuItem("Quitter");
standard.setMnemonic('E');
exit.addActionListener(this);
bg = new ButtonGroup();
bg.add(standard);
bg.add(scientific);
view.add(standard);
view.add(scientific);
view.add(jp);
view.add(exit);
bar.add(view);
setJMenuBar(bar);
mr = new JButton("MR");
buttonpanel.add(mr);
mr.addActionListener(this);
seven = new JButton("7");
buttonpanel.add(seven);
seven.addActionListener(this);
eight = new JButton("8");
buttonpanel.add(eight);
eight.addActionListener(this);
nine = new JButton("9");
buttonpanel.add(nine);
nine.addActionListener(this);
clr = new JButton("AC");
buttonpanel.add(clr);
clr.addActionListener(this);
mc = new JButton("MC");
buttonpanel.add(mc);
mc.addActionListener(this);
four = new JButton("4");
buttonpanel.add(four);
four.addActionListener(this);
five = new JButton("5");
buttonpanel.add(five);
five.addActionListener(this);
six = new JButton("6");
buttonpanel.add(six);
six.addActionListener(this);
mul = new JButton("*");
buttonpanel.add(mul);
mul.addActionListener(this);
mp = new JButton("M+");
buttonpanel.add(mp);
mp.addActionListener(this);
one = new JButton("1");
buttonpanel.add(one);
one.addActionListener(this);
two = new JButton("2");
buttonpanel.add(two);
two.addActionListener(this);
three = new JButton("3");
buttonpanel.add(three);
three.addActionListener(this);
min = new JButton("-");
buttonpanel.add(min);
min.addActionListener(this);
mm = new JButton("M-");
buttonpanel.add(mm);
mm.addActionListener(this);
zero = new JButton("0");
buttonpanel.add(zero);
zero.addActionListener(this);
plmi = new JButton("+/-");
buttonpanel.add(plmi);
plmi.addActionListener(this);
poin = new JButton(".");
buttonpanel.add(poin);
poin.addActionListener(this);
plus = new JButton("+");
buttonpanel.add(plus);
plus.addActionListener(this);
rec = new JButton("1/x");
buttonpanel.add(rec);
rec.addActionListener(this);
sqrt = new JButton("Sqrt");
buttonpanel.add(sqrt);
sqrt.addActionListener(this);
lg = new JButton("log");
buttonpanel.add(lg);
lg.addActionListener(this);
div = new JButton("/");
div.addActionListener(this);
buttonpanel.add(div);
eq = new JButton("=");
buttonpanel.add(eq);
eq.addActionListener(this);
sin = new JButton("SIN");
syntpanel.add(sin);
sin.addActionListener(this);
cos = new JButton("COS");
syntpanel.add(cos);
cos.addActionListener(this);
tan = new JButton("TAN");
syntpanel.add(tan);
tan.addActionListener(this);
pow2 = new JButton("x^2");
syntpanel.add(pow2);
pow2.addActionListener(this);
pow3 = new JButton("x^3");
syntpanel.add(pow3);
pow3.addActionListener(this);
exp = new JButton("Exp");
exp.addActionListener(this);
container.add("Center", buttonpanel);
container.add("North", textpanel);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
/**
* Evenement sur la sélection d'un element dans le menu
*/
class radiohandler implements ItemListener {
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie) {
AbstractButton button = (AbstractButton) ie.getItem();
String label = button.getText();
{
if (label.equals("Simple")) {
container.remove(syntpanel);
validate();
}
if (label.equals("Scientifique")) {
container.add("West", syntpanel);
validate();
}
}
}
}
/**
* Action générée sur l'appui d'une touche
* @param e
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String s = e.getActionCommand();
if (s.equals("Quitter")) {
System.exit(0);
}
if (s.equals("1")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "1");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "1");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("2")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "2");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "2");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("3")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "3");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "3");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("4")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "4");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "4");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("5")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "5");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "5");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("6")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "6");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "6");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("7")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "7");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "7");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("8")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "8");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "8");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("9")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "9");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "9");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("0")) {
if (z == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "0");
} else {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + "0");
z = 0;
}
}
if (s.equals("AC")) {
consol.setText("");
x = 0;
y = 0;
z = 0;
}
if (s.equals("log")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.log(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()));
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("1/x")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = 1 / Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("Exp")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.exp(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()));
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("x^2")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.pow(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()), 2);
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("x^3")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.pow(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()), 3);
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("+/-")) {
if (x == 0) {
consol.setText("-" + consol.getText());
x = 1;
} else {
consol.setText(consol.getText());
}
}
if (s.equals(".")) {
if (y == 0) {
consol.setText(consol.getText() + ".");
y = 1;
} else {
consol.setText(consol.getText());
}
}
if (s.equals("+")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
temp = 0;
operation = '+';
} else {
temp = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
consol.setText("");
operation = '+';
y = 0;
x = 0;
}
consol.requestFocus();
}
if (s.equals("-")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
temp = 0;
operation = '-';
} else {
x = 0;
y = 0;
temp = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
consol.setText("");
operation = '-';
}
consol.requestFocus();
}
if (s.equals("/")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
temp = 1;
operation = '/';
} else {
x = 0;
y = 0;
temp = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
operation = '/';
consol.setText("");
}
consol.requestFocus();
}
if (s.equals("*")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
temp = 1;
operation = '*';
} else {
x = 0;
y = 0;
temp = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
operation = '*';
consol.setText("");
}
consol.requestFocus();
}
if (s.equals("MC")) {
m1 = 0;
consol.setText("");
}
if (s.equals("MR")) {
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + m1);
}
if (s.equals("M+")) {
if (k == 1) {
m1 = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
k++;
} else {
m1 += Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
consol.setText("" + m1);
}
}
if (s.equals("M-")) {
if (k == 1) {
m1 = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
k++;
} else {
m1 -= Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
consol.setText("" + m1);
}
}
if (s.equals("Sqrt")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.sqrt(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()));
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("SIN")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.sin(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()));
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("COS")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.cos(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()));
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("TAN")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
a = Math.tan(Double.parseDouble(consol.getText()));
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + a);
}
}
if (s.equals("=")) {
if (consol.getText().equals("")) {
consol.setText("");
} else {
temp1 = Double.parseDouble(consol.getText());
switch (operation) {
case '+':
result = temp + temp1;
break;
case '-':
result = temp - temp1;
break;
case '/':
result = temp / temp1;
break;
case '*':
result = temp * temp1;
break;
}
consol.setText("");
consol.setText(consol.getText() + result);
z = 1;
}
}
consol.requestFocus();
}
/**
* Exemple
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String args[]) {
calculator n = new calculator();
n.setTitle("Calculatrice scientifique");
n.setSize(370, 250);
n.setResizable(false);
n.setVisible(true);
}
}
